SCIENCE HUB · SCIENTIFIC METHOD, EVIDENCE & MEASUREMENT
Science Is Not Powerful Because It Never Gets Things Wrong. It Is Powerful Because Claims Can Be Checked.
A scientific claim becomes useful when we can ask what was observed, how it was measured, what method produced the evidence, which alternatives remain, how uncertain the result is and what new evidence could make us revise the explanation.
Question → operationalise → observe or test → measure → analyse → explain → challenge → replicate → revise.
Start With the Question
Keep the Claim Calibrated
Observation, Inference and Evidence
- Separate Observation, Inference and Conclusion
- Direct vs Indirect Evidence
- Observational vs Experimental Evidence
- Multiple Pieces of Evidence
- Compare Competing Explanations
- Negative Results and Missing Effects
- Unexpected Results and Hidden Variables
Measurement, Calibration and Error
- Measurement, Units, Precision and Repeatability
- Calibration and Reference Standards
- Systematic and Random Error
- Measurement Resolution
- Signal and Noise
- Different Quantities: Concentration vs Total Amount
Sampling, Generalisation and Confidence
- Sampling and Representativeness
- Extrapolation Beyond Observed Data
- Scientific Prediction
- Scientific Uncertainty, Limits and Confidence
Curie Instrumentation: How to Keep the Evidence Honest
Wider canonical route: eduKate Science World develops these methods through the wider physical and living world. The Sengkang layer remains focused on making the scientific learning operation visible.
Connected corridors: Science Explanation, Transfer & Examinations · University → Research → Profession · Science Hub.
eduKate Sengkang 