Series ID: EDKS-BVOC-ZH-0015 · Lesson No.015 · Common Verb Phrases · Pre-A1 → A1/A2 Bridge · 简体中文辅助
How to Learn Basic English Vocabulary (Chinese Edition) | Lesson No.015 | Common Verb Phrases | 常用动词短语
High-frequency verbs become useful through phrases.
高频动词真正有用，是因为它们进入了常用短语。
← Back to the Basic English Vocabulary Chinese Edition Hub | 返回零基础英语词汇首页
Quick read | 先看最重要的
Do not learn only:
- do = 做
- make = 做
- take = 拿
- have = 有
Learn the phrases they actually build:
- do homework
- make tea
- take the bus
- have breakfast
中文里一个“做”可以对应很多英语动词。英语真正自然的选择，常常藏在搭配里。
This lesson is not the advanced phrasal-verb owner | 这页不是高级短语动词课
eduKate already has deeper pages on phrasal verbs, idioms, register and collocation. This lesson stays much simpler.
Here, “verb phrase” means a common beginner combination such as:
- read a book
- go home
- look at this
- wait for me
Some are phrasal verbs, some are verb+noun combinations, some are verb+preposition patterns. The beginner goal is not classification. The beginner goal is natural use.
Research floor | 研究底线
English Vocabulary in Use: Elementary teaches everyday vocabulary through common phrases and collocations. British Council A1–A2 Vocabulary likewise uses practical phrase-level language. These support a beginner approach built around reusable word combinations.
DO family | do 短语家族
| Phrase | 中文 |
|---|---|
| do homework | 做作业 |
| do the work | 做这项工作 |
| do an exercise | 做练习 |
| do this | 做这个 |
| do your best | 尽力 |
Do not automatically replace do with make. Learn each high-frequency partner.
MAKE family | make 短语家族
| make tea | 泡 / 做茶 |
| make food | 做食物 |
| make a plan | 制定计划 |
| make a mistake | 犯错误 |
| make a call | 打电话 |
| make money | 赚钱 |
DO vs MAKE | do 与 make
Beginner rule: do not search for one perfect Chinese distinction. Memorise the common phrase.
- do homework
- make a plan
- do an exercise
- make a mistake
The phrase is the unit.
TAKE family | take 短语家族
| take the bus | 坐公交 |
| take the train | 坐火车 / 列车 |
| take a taxi | 坐出租车 |
| take a photo | 拍照 |
| take a break | 休息一下 |
| take notes | 记笔记 |
| take a test | 参加测试 |
| take this | 拿这个 |
One English verb can cover several Chinese verbs. That is why one-to-one translation fails.
HAVE family | have 短语家族
| have breakfast | 吃早餐 |
| have lunch | 吃午餐 |
| have dinner | 吃晚餐 |
| have a meeting | 开会 |
| have time | 有时间 |
| have a question | 有问题想问 |
| have a problem | 遇到问题 / 有困难 |
have is much bigger than Chinese “有”. Learn its phrase families.
GET family | get 短语家族
| get home | 到家 |
| get tired | 变累 |
| get better | 变好 |
| get a message | 收到消息 |
| get water | 拿 / 得到水 |
| get up | 起床 |
Do not try to compress all these into “get = 得到”. Context changes the Chinese translation.
GO family | go 短语家族
- go home
- go to school
- go to work
- go there
- go now
- go by bus
- go to bed
Notice:
- go home
- go to school
home behaves differently in this common phrase. Store the chunk.
COME family | come 短语家族
- come here
- come home
- come back
- come with me
Use direction and real movement to understand these.
GIVE family | give 短语家族
- give me the book
- give an answer
- give help
- give me time
Useful beginner frame:
Give me ___, please.
PUT family | put 短语家族
- put it here
- put it there
- put the book on the table
- put the milk in the fridge
put often needs a place partner. This makes it useful for preposition practice.
LOOK family | look 短语家族
- look at this
- look at me
- look for my key
look at and look for are not the same:
- look at = direct your eyes
- look for = try to find
LISTEN family | listen 短语家族
- listen to me
- listen to the teacher
- listen to music
Learn listen to as a chunk. Do not drop to in this standard pattern.
WAIT family | wait 短语家族
- wait here
- wait for me
- wait for the bus
wait for is a high-value survival phrase.
ASK family | ask 短语家族
- ask a question
- ask the teacher
- ask for help
- ask for water
ask can connect to a person, a question or a request pattern.
TELL family | tell 短语家族
- tell me
- tell the teacher
- tell a story
- tell me your name
Compare:
- say hello
- tell me
Do not treat say/tell as perfect synonyms.
SAY family | say 短语家族
- say hello
- say thank you
- say it again
- say your name
READ family | read 短语家族
- read a book
- read the question
- read the message
- read an email
WRITE family | write 短语家族
- write your name
- write the answer
- write a message
- write an email
OPEN / CLOSE family | open / close
- open the door
- close the door
- open the book
- close the window
- open the file
One verb can connect physical and digital objects.
TURN family | turn 短语家族
- turn left
- turn right
- turn on the light
- turn off the light
turn on/off is highly useful for devices and lights.
START / FINISH family | start / finish
- start work
- start the lesson
- start now
- finish work
- finish the task
- finish the book
TRY family | try 短语家族
- try again
- try this
- try to read
The last pattern introduces a verb+to structure. Learn it as a chunk before deeper grammar.
KEEP family | keep 短语家族
- keep this
- keep the door open
- keep going
For beginners, only keep the high-use combinations you actually need.
Verb + noun | 动词 + 名词
Many beginner phrases follow this pattern:
- read a book
- drink water
- ask a question
- send an email
- make tea
Verb + preposition | 动词 + 介词
- look at
- listen to
- wait for
- ask for
- talk to
Do not delete the small word. It is part of the phrase.
Verb + direction/place | 动词 + 方向/地点
- go home
- come here
- put it there
- turn left
Verb + adjective/result | 动词 + 状态结果
- get tired
- get better
- keep calm
These show that not every verb phrase needs a noun object.
Phrase first, grammar label later | 先会用，再分类
A beginner does not need to identify:
“This is a transitive verb + noun phrase complement.”
First goal:
Can you say the phrase naturally and understand it?
Grammar labels become useful later when they solve a real problem.
Chinese one-verb trap | 中文一个动词，英语多个搭配
Chinese “做” can become:
- do homework
- make tea
- make a plan
- do an exercise
Chinese “坐” can become:
- sit down
- take the bus
- take a taxi
Chinese “看” can become:
- look at
- see
- read
- watch
This is why phrases beat one-to-one translation.
One verb, many phrase jobs | 一个动词，多个工作岗位
take
- take the bus
- take a photo
- take a break
- take notes
Do not try to invent one Chinese meaning that covers all four perfectly.
One noun, many verbs | 一个名词，多个动词
book
- read a book
- open the book
- close the book
- take the book
- give me the book
This creates a two-way vocabulary network.
Core 50 phrase bank | 50 个基础短语
| do homework | make tea | take the bus | have breakfast | get home |
| go home | come here | give me | put it here | look at this |
| look for | listen to me | wait for me | ask a question | ask for help |
| tell me | say hello | read a book | write your name | open the door |
| close the window | turn left | turn right | turn on | turn off |
| start work | finish work | take a break | take notes | take a photo |
| make a plan | make a mistake | have a meeting | have time | have a question |
| get tired | get better | get up | go to bed | go to school |
| go to work | drink water | eat rice | send an email | read a message |
| try again | keep going | help me | call me | come back |
Learn five at a time | 一次学五个
Do not memorise the whole table in one sitting.
Example day:
- do homework
- make tea
- take the bus
- have breakfast
- go home
Use each in one sentence, then recall later.
Phrase card model | 短语卡片
| Field | Example |
|---|---|
| Core verb | take |
| Phrase | take the bus |
| Chinese | 坐公交 |
| Sentence | I take the bus to work. |
| Contrast | take a photo |
Verb prompt → phrase retrieval | 动词提示到短语
- do → do homework
- make → make tea
- take → take the bus
- have → have breakfast
- get → get home
Noun prompt → phrase retrieval | 名词提示到短语
- homework → do homework
- tea → make tea
- bus → take the bus
- breakfast → have breakfast
- question → ask a question
Both directions matter.
Chinese → English phrase retrieval | 中文到英文短语
- 做作业 → do homework
- 泡茶 → make tea
- 坐公交 → take the bus
- 吃早餐 → have breakfast
- 回家 → go home
- 等我 → wait for me
Phrase completion | 短语补全
- do ___ → homework
- make ___ → tea / a plan
- take the ___ → bus
- have ___ → breakfast
- listen ___ me → to
- wait ___ me → for
Sentence completion | 句子补全
- I ___ breakfast at seven. → have
- I ___ the bus to work. → take
- Please ___ for me. → wait
- ___ at this. → Look
- I ___ my homework at night. → do
Wrong-collocation repair | 搭配错误修复
Wrong: *make homework
Repair:
- do homework
- make a plan
Do not just mark “wrong”. Show the correct phrase partner.
Wrong small-word repair | 小词错误修复
Wrong: *listen me
Repair:
listen to me
The small word is part of the phrase.
Mini reading | 超简单阅读
“I get up at seven. I have breakfast. I take the bus to work. I read emails and have a meeting. At lunch, I take a break. I finish work at six and go home.”
Underline the verb phrases.
Mini writing | 超简单写作
Write six true sentences using six phrase families:
- I have ___.
- I take ___.
- I make ___.
- I do ___.
- I go ___.
- I listen ___.
Mini speaking | 一分钟短语口语
Use ten phrases in a short day:
“I get up. I have breakfast. I take the bus. I go to work. I read emails. I have a meeting. I take a break. I finish work. I go home. I make tea.”
Change the surface next time.
Phrase listening | 短语听力
Listen for the whole chunk, not only the verb:
- take the bus
- have breakfast
- wait for me
- listen to me
Chunk recognition reduces word-by-word processing.
Seven-day phrase plan | 七天动词短语训练
| Day | Focus |
|---|---|
| 1 | do / make |
| 2 | take / have |
| 3 | go / come / get |
| 4 | look / listen / wait |
| 5 | ask / tell / say |
| 6 | school/work phrases |
| 7 | mixed retrieval + one-minute talk |
First weak link check | 第一个卡点
| Symptom | Likely weak link | Repair |
|---|---|---|
| I know make/do but mix them. | collocation boundary | phrase pairs |
| I forget to in listen to. | small-word link | store whole chunk |
| I know take only as 拿. | phrase network | take bus/photo/break |
| I recognise phrases but cannot produce them. | active retrieval | Chinese/noun → phrase |
| I forget after days. | spacing | delayed phrase recall |
For parents and teachers | 给家长和老师
- Teach phrase with verb from the beginning.
- Do not demand grammar labels first.
- Correct the phrase partner, not just the single word.
- Use real routines.
- Mix verb prompts and noun prompts.
- Return after a delay.
Connect to deeper owners | 连接更深 owner 页面
- Phrasal Verbs and Common Multi-Word Expressions — deeper school-level owner.
- Transitive and Intransitive Verb Control — deeper grammar owner.
- Vocabulary Learning Hub
This lesson stays at the very simple phrase-learning layer.
Final check | 最终自检
Can you:
- recall 20 common verb phrases?
- use do homework / make a plan?
- use take the bus / take a photo?
- use have breakfast / have a meeting?
- use listen to / wait for / look at?
- produce phrases from Chinese prompts?
- recall them after a week?
Final rule | 最后一条规则
Do not ask only “What does this verb mean?” Ask “What phrases does this verb build?”
不要只问“这个动词是什么意思？”还要问：“这个动词会和哪些词一起工作？”
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Reference floor: English Vocabulary in Use: Elementary · British Council A1–A2 Vocabulary.
