Series ID: EDKS-BVOC-ZH-0013 · Lesson No.013 · Body & Health Words · Pre-A1 → A1/A2 Bridge · 简体中文辅助
How to Learn Basic English Vocabulary (Chinese Edition) | Lesson No.013 | Body and Health Words | 身体与健康英语词汇
Your body gives you a clear map for beginner vocabulary.
你的身体，本身就是一张很清楚的零基础词汇地图。
← Back to the Basic English Vocabulary Chinese Edition Hub | 返回零基础英语词汇首页
Quick read | 先看最重要的
Start with body words you can point to, then add simple health words you may need in daily life.
先学可以直接指给你看的身体部位，再加入真正可能在日常生活里需要的健康词汇。
First body words:
head · face · eye · ear · nose · mouth · neck · arm · hand · finger · leg · foot · back · stomach
First health words:
well · sick · ill · tired · pain · hurt · doctor · nurse · hospital · clinic · medicine · help
Then useful phrases:
- my head
- my left hand
- stomach pain
- feel sick
- see a doctor
- need help
Then very simple sentences:
- My head hurts.
- I feel sick.
- I am tired.
- I need a doctor.
- Please help me.
This is a vocabulary lesson, not medical advice | 这是一堂词汇课，不是医疗建议
This page teaches English words and simple communication. It does not diagnose illness, recommend treatment or replace a qualified health professional.
本页只教英语词汇和最基础表达，不负责诊断疾病，也不替代医生或其他合格医疗专业人员。
If a learner has a serious or urgent health problem, use appropriate local emergency or medical services. The language goal is simply to help the learner communicate basic information more clearly.
Research floor | 研究底线
British Council Body Parts and British Council Health vocabulary organise beginner body and health language around everyday use. Cambridge Pre A1 Starters also includes familiar body words in its early wordlists.
Head and face | 头和脸
| English | 中文 | Useful phrase |
|---|---|---|
| head | 头 | my head |
| face | 脸 | my face |
| hair | 头发 | long hair |
| eye | 眼睛 | my eyes |
| ear | 耳朵 | my ears |
| nose | 鼻子 | my nose |
| mouth | 嘴 | open your mouth |
| tooth | 牙齿（单数） | a tooth |
| teeth | 牙齿（复数） | my teeth |
Tooth and teeth | tooth 与 teeth
Learn the irregular plural as a word pair:
- one tooth
- two teeth
Do not write *tooths* in standard English.
Upper body | 上半身
| neck | 脖子 |
| shoulder | 肩膀 |
| arm | 手臂 |
| elbow | 手肘 |
| hand | 手 |
| finger | 手指 |
| chest | 胸部 |
| back | 背部 |
Lower body | 下半身
| leg | 腿 |
| knee | 膝盖 |
| foot | 脚（单数） |
| feet | 脚（复数） |
| toe | 脚趾 |
Another irregular pair:
- one foot
- two feet
Inside-body beginner words | 身体内部的基础词
| stomach | 胃 / 肚子区域 | stomach pain |
| heart | 心脏 | heart |
| blood | 血液 | blood |
True beginners do not need a complete anatomy course. Learn internal-body words only when they are useful for communication.
Left and right | 左和右
- left hand
- right hand
- left leg
- right eye
right can also mean “correct”. Context decides:
- right hand — 右手
- the right answer — 正确答案
Body action phrases | 身体动作短语
- open your mouth
- close your eyes
- raise your hand
- move your arm
- bend your knee
- turn your head
These phrases connect body nouns to action verbs.
Body vocabulary with real pointing | 指着身体学
Point safely to your own body and say:
- head
- eye
- ear
- hand
- knee
- foot
Then hide the word list and repeat from memory.
Do not use another person’s body without consent | 身体练习要尊重边界
Use your own body, a diagram or a picture. Do not touch another learner for vocabulary practice without clear consent.
Feeling well and unwell | 感觉好与不舒服
| well | 身体好 / 状态好 | I feel well. |
| sick | 生病 / 不舒服 | I feel sick. |
| ill | 生病 | I am ill. |
| tired | 疲倦 | I am tired. |
| weak | 虚弱 | I feel weak. |
| dizzy | 头晕 | I feel dizzy. |
Regional usage differs: sick and ill overlap but are not identical in all varieties of English. A beginner can first recognise both and use a simple safe phrase such as I feel sick or I am not well.
Feel + adjective | feel + 形容词
- I feel sick.
- I feel tired.
- I feel weak.
- I feel dizzy.
This is a useful health-vocabulary frame.
Pain words | 疼痛词汇
| pain | 疼痛 | stomach pain |
| hurt | 疼 / 受伤 | My arm hurts. |
| headache | 头痛 | a headache |
| toothache | 牙痛 | a toothache |
| stomach ache | 肚子痛 / 胃痛 | a stomach ache |
| sore | 疼痛 / 酸痛 | a sore throat |
My ___ hurts | “我的……疼”
- My head hurts.
- My back hurts.
- My leg hurts.
- My stomach hurts.
This is a high-value beginner frame. It is not a diagnosis; it simply communicates location of discomfort.
I have a ___ | 常见症状名词句型
- I have a headache.
- I have a toothache.
- I have a cough.
- I have a cold.
Here cold is a noun meaning an illness, not the adjective “冷”. Context matters:
- cold water — 冷水
- a cold — 感冒
Common symptom words | 常见症状词汇
| cough | 咳嗽 |
| cold | 感冒 |
| fever | 发烧 |
| sore throat | 喉咙痛 |
| runny nose | 流鼻涕 |
| headache | 头痛 |
| stomach ache | 肚子痛 |
Learn symptom words as communication vocabulary only. Do not self-diagnose from a word list.
Injury words | 受伤相关基础词
| hurt | 疼 / 受伤 |
| cut | 割伤 / 切口 |
| burn | 烧伤 / 烫伤 |
| fall | 摔倒 |
| injury | 受伤 / 损伤 |
Useful communication:
- I hurt my hand.
- I fell down.
- I need help.
Doctor, nurse, clinic, hospital | 医疗地点与人员
| doctor | 医生 | see a doctor |
| nurse | 护士 | ask the nurse |
| clinic | 诊所 | go to a clinic |
| hospital | 医院 | go to hospital / the hospital depending on variety |
| pharmacy | 药房 | at the pharmacy |
| medicine | 药物 / 药 | medicine |
See a doctor | see 的健康搭配
see a doctor means consult/visit a doctor.
Do not translate see only as “看见”. High-frequency verbs change meaning through phrases.
Medicine words | 药物基础词
- medicine
- tablet / pill
- prescription
These words can help you understand basic communication, but medicine use should follow qualified professional instructions and product directions.
Emergency words | 紧急情况词汇
- help
- emergency
- ambulance
- hospital
Very simple survival phrases:
- Help!
- I need help.
- Please call an ambulance.
- I need a doctor.
Learn local emergency procedures separately from language practice.
Basic health questions | 基础健康问句
- Are you okay?
- Where does it hurt?
- Do you feel sick?
- Do you need help?
Simple answers:
- I am okay.
- My head hurts.
- Yes, I feel sick.
- Yes, please.
Where does it hurt? | 哪里疼？
Answer with a body word:
- My head.
- My stomach.
- My back.
- My left leg.
A full sentence is useful, but in urgent communication a clear body word can also be valuable.
Body-word network | 身体词汇网络
Connect each word to:
- location: head / hand / knee
- action: move / open / close
- description: left / right / sore
- sentence: My ___ hurts.
This makes the vocabulary more usable than a body-parts poster alone.
Health-word network | 健康词汇网络
Connect:
- feel → sick / tired / dizzy
- have → a headache / a cough / a cold
- need → help / a doctor
- go to → clinic / hospital
- see → a doctor
Chinese translation trap: “痛” | “痛”不只有一个英文结构
Chinese “痛/疼” can appear in English in different forms:
- pain
- hurt
- ache
- sore
Do not force them into one-to-one translation. Start with whole chunks:
- My head hurts.
- I have a headache.
- a sore throat
Headache and head pain | headache / head pain
headache is a common everyday word. head pain is possible in particular contexts but is not the first beginner phrase to memorise.
This is why frequency and natural collocation matter.
Body plurals | 身体部位复数
- two eyes
- two ears
- two hands
- two feet
- ten fingers
Use real body counting to review Lesson 010 numbers.
Body + adjective phrases | 身体部位 + 描述
- left hand
- right foot
- sore throat
- tired eyes
Keep descriptions simple and useful.
Body action listening | 身体动作听力
Use safe instructions:
- Raise your hand.
- Close your eyes.
- Turn your head.
- Move your arm.
Listen, act, then reverse: learner says the instruction.
Picture labelling | 身体图标注
Use a neutral diagram. Label:
- head
- eye
- ear
- mouth
- hand
- knee
- foot
Then remove the labels and recall.
Chinese → English retrieval | 中文到英文
- 头 → head
- 眼睛 → eye
- 耳朵 → ear
- 嘴 → mouth
- 手 → hand
- 腿 → leg
- 脚 → foot
- 胃/肚子 → stomach
- 医生 → doctor
- 医院 → hospital
Phrase retrieval | 短语提取
- feel ___ → sick / tired
- see a ___ → doctor
- need ___ → help
- my ___ hurts → head / back / leg
- a sore ___ → throat
Contrast practice | 易混词对比
| Pair | Simple boundary |
|---|---|
| tooth / teeth | one vs plural |
| foot / feet | one vs plural |
| sick / tired | unwell vs fatigue |
| doctor / nurse | different healthcare roles |
| clinic / hospital | different healthcare settings |
Mini reading | 超简单阅读
“Mei does not feel well. She is tired and has a headache. Her throat is sore. She tells her mother, ‘I feel sick.’ Her mother says, ‘Let us see a doctor.’”
Find:
- two feeling words
- two symptom phrases
- one healthcare word
Mini writing | 超简单写作
Use fictional or practice examples if you prefer:
- My ___ hurts.
- I feel ___.
- I have a ___.
- I need ___.
Mini speaking | 超简单口语
Practise a neutral role-play:
A: Are you okay?
B: I do not feel well.
A: Where does it hurt?
B: My head hurts.
A: Do you need help?
B: Yes, please.
Do not overlearn medical vocabulary | 不要过早背大量医学词
A beginner usually benefits more from:
head · stomach · pain · sick · doctor · hospital · help
than from specialist anatomy or disease names.
Learn specialist vocabulary only when a real study, work or healthcare need requires it.
Personal body/health vocabulary | 个人词汇选择
Add words relevant to your life, but keep private health details private if you do not want to share them.
A vocabulary notebook does not need to become a medical record.
Vocabulary card model | 身体词卡
| Field | Example |
|---|---|
| Word | hand |
| Chinese | 手 |
| Phrase | my left hand |
| Action | raise your hand |
| Sentence | My hand hurts. |
Vocabulary card model | 健康词卡
| Field | Example |
|---|---|
| Word | tired |
| Chinese | 累 |
| Phrase | feel tired |
| Sentence | I am tired. |
| Contrast | well / energetic later |
Seven-day plan | 七天身体健康词汇训练
| Day | Focus |
|---|---|
| 1 | head/face words |
| 2 | arms/hands/legs/feet |
| 3 | feel well/sick/tired |
| 4 | hurt/pain/headache/sore throat |
| 5 | doctor/nurse/clinic/hospital/help |
| 6 | body action listening + retrieval |
| 7 | mixed body/health role-play |
First weak link check | 第一个卡点
| Symptom | Likely weak link | Repair |
|---|---|---|
| I confuse foot/feet. | irregular plural | one foot / two feet |
| I know head but cannot say My head hurts. | phrase/sentence link | fixed frame practice |
| I confuse sick/tired. | meaning boundary | unwell vs fatigue examples |
| I can read doctor but cannot hear it. | sound link | dictionary audio + repeat |
| I forget after days. | spacing | delayed retrieval |
For parents and teachers | 给家长和老师
- Use diagrams and safe actions.
- Do not ask learners to disclose private medical information.
- Use fictional role-play when appropriate.
- Keep medical claims out of vocabulary teaching.
- Teach survival phrases clearly.
- Return after a delay.
Connect to wider owners | 连接更大的系统
- Vocabulary Learning Hub
- How to Learn Basic English
- British Council Body Parts
- British Council Health Vocabulary
Final check | 最终自检
Can you:
- name 15 body parts?
- say tooth/teeth and foot/feet?
- use My ___ hurts?
- say I feel sick / tired?
- name doctor, nurse, clinic, hospital?
- ask for help?
- recall the words after a week?
Final rule | 最后一条规则
Learn enough body and health English to communicate clearly, not to diagnose yourself.
学习足够清楚表达身体和不适的英语，不要把词汇课变成自我诊断。
← Lesson No.012 · Hub | 首页 · Next: Lesson No.014 →
Reference floor: British Council Body Parts · British Council Health Vocabulary · Cambridge Pre A1 Starters.
