Series ID: EDKS-BVOC-ZH-0007 · Lesson No.007 · Food & Drink · Pre-A1 → A1 · 简体中文辅助

How to Learn Basic English Vocabulary (Chinese Edition) | Lesson No.007 | Food and Drink | 食物与饮料英语词汇

Food words become useful very quickly.
食物词汇，通常很快就能用上。

← Back to the Basic English Vocabulary Chinese Edition Hub | 返回零基础英语词汇首页

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Quick read | 先看最重要的

Start with what you actually eat and drink.

先学你真的会吃、会喝、会买、会点的东西。

First core:

water · tea · milk · rice · bread · egg · fruit · food · breakfast · lunch · dinner

Then phrases:

• drink water
• hot tea
• a cup of tea
• eat rice
• have breakfast
• good food
• some fruit
• an egg

Then sentences:

• I want water.
• I like tea.
• I eat rice.
• I have breakfast at home.

Why food vocabulary is a strong beginner node | 为什么食物词汇是很好的入门节点？

Food gives you several kinds of English at once:

• nouns: rice, bread, apple
• verbs: eat, drink, cook
• adjectives: hot, cold, sweet
• quantity: some, a cup of, a bottle of
• likes and wants: I like…, I want…
• requests: Can I have…?

这意味着一个“食物主题”可以自然连接到很多基础语言动作。

Cambridge beginner food vocabulary | Cambridge 初级词汇方向

Cambridge’s Pre A1 vocabulary lists include familiar food and drink words such as apple, banana, bread, breakfast, cake, cheese, chicken, chocolate, dinner, drink, eat, egg, fish, food, fruit, juice, lunch, milk, orange, potato, rice, salad, tomato and water. This supports a real-life beginner route built around familiar foods and simple requests.

Cambridge Pre A1/A1 Digital Wordlists

Core drinks | 核心饮料词汇

English	中文	Useful phrase
water	水	drink water
tea	茶	a cup of tea
coffee	咖啡	a cup of coffee
milk	牛奶	some milk
juice	果汁	orange juice
drink	饮料 / 喝	a cold drink

Core staple foods | 主食与常见食物

rice	米饭	eat rice
bread	面包	some bread
noodles	面条	eat noodles
egg	鸡蛋	an egg
chicken	鸡肉 / 鸡	chicken rice
fish	鱼 / 鱼肉	eat fish
meat	肉	some meat
soup	汤	a bowl of soup

Fruit | 水果

apple	苹果
banana	香蕉
orange	橙子 / 橙色
grape	葡萄
pear	梨
mango	芒果
watermelon	西瓜
fruit	水果（总称）

Learn both the category word fruit and the individual foods you really eat.

Vegetables | 蔬菜

vegetable	蔬菜
carrot	胡萝卜
potato	马铃薯 / 土豆
tomato	番茄 / 西红柿
bean	豆
pea	豌豆
salad	沙拉

Meals | 一日三餐与用餐词汇

breakfast	早餐	have breakfast
lunch	午餐	have lunch
dinner	晚餐	have dinner
meal	一餐 / 饭	a meal
snack	小吃 / 点心	a snack

British Council A1 daily-routine materials use phrases such as have breakfast, have lunch, have dinner, showing why food vocabulary is best learned in phrases rather than as isolated nouns.

British Council Daily Routine Vocabulary

Eat, drink, have | 三个高价值动词

Verb	中文	Examples
eat	吃	eat rice · eat fruit
drink	喝	drink water · drink tea
have	吃 / 喝 / 有（依短语）	have breakfast · have tea

Do not learn only have = 有. In food phrases, have breakfast means 吃早餐.

Like, want, need | 喜欢、想要、需要

• I like tea.
• I like rice.
• I want water.
• I want some food.
• I need water.
• I need a spoon.

食物词一进入 like / want / need，就开始变成非常实用的沟通工具。

Hot, cold, sweet, salty | 味道和温度

hot	热	hot tea
cold	冷	cold water
sweet	甜	sweet cake
salty	咸	salty food
spicy	辣	spicy food
fresh	新鲜	fresh fruit
good	好	good food
delicious	美味	delicious food

Basic taste sentences | 基础味道句子

• The tea is hot.
• The water is cold.
• The cake is sweet.
• This food is spicy.
• The fruit is fresh.
• This is delicious.

Countable and uncountable food words | 食物里的可数与不可数

Food vocabulary quickly shows why English nouns do not all behave the same way.

• an apple / two apples
• an egg / three eggs
• some rice
• some water
• some bread
• some milk

不要机械地给每个食物词前面加 a。先学常见短语。

A / an | 一个可数食物

• an apple
• a banana
• an egg
• a sandwich
• a tomato

Some | 一些

• some water
• some rice
• some bread
• some milk
• some fruit

中文“一个/一些”的表达方式和英语名词系统不同，所以要把数量词和名词一起学。

Containers | 容器词非常实用

a cup of tea	一杯茶
a cup of coffee	一杯咖啡
a glass of water	一杯水
a bottle of water	一瓶水
a bowl of rice	一碗饭
a bowl of soup	一碗汤
a piece of bread	一片 / 一块面包

这些短语让不可数或材料型食物更容易计量。

Kitchen verbs | 厨房动作词

cook	烹饪
make	制作
cut	切
wash	洗
open	打开
close	关闭
put	放
take	拿 / 取

Beginner phrases:

• cook rice
• make tea
• cut the apple
• wash the fruit
• open the bottle
• put the milk in the fridge

Food phrase families | 食物短语家族

WATER

• drink water
• cold water
• hot water
• a bottle of water
• I need water.

TEA

• hot tea
• a cup of tea
• make tea
• drink tea
• I like tea.

RICE

• eat rice
• cook rice
• a bowl of rice
• chicken rice
• I like rice.

FRUIT

• fresh fruit
• eat fruit
• some fruit
• fruit juice
• I like fruit.

Can I have…? | 一个非常有用的请求句型

• Can I have some water, please?
• Can I have a cup of tea, please?
• Can I have an apple, please?
• Can I have some rice, please?

这比只会说 food / water 更接近真实生活。

Would you like…? | 基础邀请/提供表达

• Would you like some tea?
• Would you like some fruit?

Beginner answers:

• Yes, please.
• No, thanks.

不要现在分析全部情态动词理论。先把这组高频功能表达当工具。

What do you like? | 喜好问答

• What do you like?
• I like tea.
• I like rice.
• I like fruit.

What is your favourite food? | 最喜欢的食物

• What is your favourite food?
• My favourite food is rice.
• I really like noodles.

Cambridge beginner materials use similarly simple food-and-preference questions.

Ordering basics | 最简单点餐词汇

Do not learn a long restaurant script first. Start with functional chunks:

• water, please
• tea, please
• this, please
• one, please
• two, please
• How much?
• Thank you.

Then expand:

• Can I have this, please?
• Can I have some water, please?

Menu words | 菜单上常见词

menu	菜单
food	食物
drink	饮料
breakfast	早餐
lunch	午餐
dinner	晚餐
price	价格
bill	账单

Food shop words | 买食物时的词

• shop
• market
• price
• money
• buy
• pay
• how much

Examples:

• I want to buy fruit.
• How much is this?
• I need to pay.

Do not translate measure words mechanically | 不要机械翻译中文量词

Chinese uses rich measure-word systems. English often uses articles, plurals and container/measure phrases differently.

不要假设“一杯、一碗、一片、一瓶”都可以只靠一个通用英文词来处理。把完整短语一起学：

• a cup of tea
• a bowl of rice
• a piece of bread
• a bottle of water

Food vs meal | food 和 meal

food refers generally to things we eat.

meal refers to an eating occasion / one organised eating period.

• good food
• a good meal

中文可能都和“食物/饭”有关，但用法不同。

Chicken: animal and food | chicken 的两个常见基础义

chicken can refer to the animal or the meat. Context tells you which meaning is active.

• a chicken
• chicken rice

一个词有多个基础义时，不要一次背十个解释。先用语境区分最常见义。

Orange: fruit and colour | orange 的两个常见义

• an orange — 一个橙子
• orange juice — 橙汁
• an orange bag — 橙色的包

词汇网络会随着学习逐步扩展。

Picture naming | 看图说食物

Use real food or pictures. Point and say:

• apple
• banana
• rice
• bread
• water
• tea

Then add:

• an apple
• some rice
• some bread
• a cup of tea

Sort the food | 食物分类

Put words into groups:

• drinks
• fruit
• vegetables
• meals
• staple foods

分类可以帮助第一轮学习，但后续复习要混合，避免只记住位置。

Real kitchen walk | 厨房实物练习

Go to the kitchen and identify five safe items:

• water
• rice
• milk
• egg
• fruit

Then say one phrase for each.

Do not use unsafe objects for vocabulary practice | 安全第一

Children should not handle knives, hot pans, boiling water or other unsafe kitchen objects for the sake of vocabulary practice. Pictures and adult demonstration are enough.

Taste description practice | 味道描述练习

Use food you are actually eating:

• It is sweet.
• It is salty.
• It is spicy.
• It is hot.
• It is cold.
• It is good.

真实感官经验能给词增加额外记忆线索。

Meal routine vocabulary | 用餐日常

• have breakfast
• have lunch
• have dinner
• drink water
• eat fruit
• cook dinner

British Council A1 daily-routine practice uses this kind of everyday phrase sequence, making it useful for beginner vocabulary transfer.

Mini reading | 超简单阅读

“I have breakfast at home. I eat bread and an egg. I drink tea. At lunch, I eat rice and chicken. I drink water. I like fruit.”

Find:

• three foods
• two drinks
• two meal words

Then close the text and retell with your own food.

Mini writing | 超简单写作

Write six true sentences:

1. I like ___.
2. I do not like ___.
3. I want ___.
4. I drink ___.
5. I eat ___.
6. I have ___ for breakfast.

Mini speaking | 超简单口语

Speak for 30 seconds:

“I like rice. I like tea. I drink water every day. I have breakfast at home. I eat fruit. My favourite food is ___.”

Mini listening | 超简单听力

Ask someone to say ten known foods. Point to pictures or write the word.

如果你能读 apple 但听不出 apple，需要修声音通道。

Food retrieval | 食物主动回忆

Without looking, say:

• 5 drinks
• 5 fruits
• 5 meal/food words
• 5 food adjectives

Chinese → English retrieval | 中文到英文

• 水 → water
• 茶 → tea
• 米饭 → rice
• 面包 → bread
• 鸡蛋 → egg
• 水果 → fruit
• 早餐 → breakfast
• 午餐 → lunch
• 晚餐 → dinner

Phrase retrieval | 短语提取

• drink ___ → water
• a cup of ___ → tea
• eat ___ → rice
• have ___ → breakfast
• some ___ → fruit / water / rice

Contrast practice | 对比练习

Pair	Focus
food / meal	general things eaten vs eating occasion
drink / water	category/action vs one specific drink
eat / drink	food action vs liquid action
breakfast / lunch / dinner	meal times
a cup of / a bottle of	different containers

Spelling watch points | 拼写注意点

• breakfast
• vegetable
• watermelon
• chicken
• orange

长一点的词不要靠一次猛抄。拆成声音、词块、短语，再做 cover-write-check。

Pronunciation watch points | 发音注意点

Listen in a reliable learner dictionary to:

• vegetable
• breakfast
• water
• fruit
• rice
• bread

不要用汉字长期标音。直接建立英语声音。

Your personal food list | 你的个人食物词表

Write 20 foods/drinks you actually use in one week.

For each, add one phrase.

Example:

• coffee → a cup of coffee
• rice → eat rice
• apple → an apple
• water → drink water

Vocabulary card model | 食物词卡

Field	Example
Word	rice
Chinese	米饭
Phrase	a bowl of rice
Verb phrase	eat rice
Sentence	I eat rice.
Question	Do you like rice?

Seven-day plan | 七天食物词汇训练

Day	Focus
1	drinks + container phrases
2	staple foods + eat/drink
3	fruit
4	vegetables + adjectives
5	meals + have breakfast/lunch/dinner
6	requests + Can I have…?
7	mixed retrieval + mini menu talk

First weak link check | 第一个卡点

Symptom	Likely weak link	Repair
I know rice but say a rice.	countability phrase	learn some rice / a bowl of rice
I know tea but cannot request it.	sentence frame	Can I have a cup of tea?
I confuse meal and food.	meaning boundary	contrast examples
I recognise breakfast but cannot spell it.	form link	sound + chunk + cover-write-check
I forget after days.	spacing	delayed retrieval

For parents and teachers | 给家长和老师

• Use real safe foods or pictures.
• Do not force children to taste foods for vocabulary learning.
• Respect allergies, dietary restrictions and cultural/religious food practices.
• Teach container phrases early.
• Ask learners to say phrases, not only identify pictures.
• Return to old food words after a delay.

Keep culture broad | 食物词汇要允许不同文化

Beginner materials often use a small international core, but learners should also add foods from their own real lives.

If you eat congee, dumplings, noodles, tofu, curry, roti, sushi or other foods often, those can become personal-core vocabulary.

通用词表是起点，不是要求所有人的日常饮食完全一样。

Connect to the wider system | 连接更大的系统

• How to Learn Basic English — whole-language route.
• How Countable and Uncountable Nouns Change Articles, Quantity and Meaning — deeper mechanism.
• Vocabulary Learning Hub — wider vocabulary estate.

Final check | 最终自检

Can you:

• name 10 foods?
• name 5 drinks?
• say breakfast/lunch/dinner?
• use eat/drink/have correctly in basic phrases?
• use a cup of / a bottle of / a bowl of?
• say I like / I want / Can I have…?
• recall the words tomorrow?

Final rule | 最后一条规则

Learn the food you actually eat, in the phrases you actually need.

学你真的会吃的食物，也学你真的会用的短语。

Food → phrase → request → real use → return later.

食物词 → 短语 → 请求 → 真实使用 → 延时再回来。

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Reference floor: Cambridge Pre A1/A1 Digital Wordlists · British Council A1 Daily Routine Vocabulary · Cambridge Dictionary · Oxford Learner’s Dictionaries.