Series ID: EDKS-BASIC-ZH-0003 · Lesson No.003 · 零基础英语第三课 · Pre-A1 → A1
I Like, I Want, I Need
I like tea. I want water. I need help.
我喜欢茶。我想要水。我需要帮助。
These three verbs can open a large part of everyday English.
这三个动词，可以打开很大一部分日常英语。
With like, you can talk about preference. With want, you can talk about desire or choice. With need, you can talk about something necessary. The sentence shape is small, but the number of real situations is huge.
用 like，你可以表达喜欢；用 want，你可以表达想要或选择；用 need，你可以表达需要。句型很小，但可以进入很多真实生活场景。
What you will learn 这一课学什么？
- I like tea. — 我喜欢茶。
- I don’t like coffee. — 我不喜欢咖啡。
- Do you like tea? — 你喜欢茶吗？
- Yes, I do. — 是的，我喜欢。
- No, I don’t. — 不，我不喜欢。
- I want water. — 我想要水。
- I want to go home. — 我想回家。
- I need help. — 我需要帮助。
- I need to rest. — 我需要休息。
- She likes tea. — 她喜欢茶。
- He wants water. — 他想要水。
- She needs help. — 她需要帮助。
The core pattern is familiar to many Mandarin speakers because simple English and Mandarin can both often use a subject–verb–object order:
这个核心结构对中文母语学习者并不陌生，因为很多简单英文和普通话都可以使用“主语 + 动词 + 宾语”的顺序：
| Subject 主语 | Verb 动词 | Object 宾语 |
|---|---|---|
| I 我 | like 喜欢 | tea 茶 |
| I 我 | want 想要 | water 水 |
| I 我 | need 需要 | help 帮助 |
That similarity gives you a good starting point. The differences come next.
这个相似点可以成为很好的起点。接下来，我们再慢慢处理两种语言不一样的地方。
1. I like… 我喜欢……
I like tea.
我喜欢茶。
Change only the last word:
- I like tea. — 我喜欢茶。
- I like coffee. — 我喜欢咖啡。
- I like music. — 我喜欢音乐。
- I like books. — 我喜欢书。
- I like English. — 我喜欢英语。
- I like this song. — 我喜欢这首歌。
- I like this food. — 我喜欢这个食物 / 这道食物。
This is substitution practice. One stable frame lets you say many true things.
这叫“替换练习”。一个稳定的句型，可以表达很多跟你真实生活有关的意思。
2. Like + noun: keep it simple first like + 名词：先练最简单的版本
At the beginning, put a thing after like.
- I like rice.
- I like noodles.
- I like apples.
- I like football.
- I like movies.
- I like dogs.
You do not need advanced vocabulary. Use things you already know.
不需要高级词。先用你已经认识的词。
A useful beginner habit is to build vocabulary around a sentence, not as isolated translation pairs. Instead of only learning “music = 音乐”, learn I like music.
一个很有用的入门习惯是：不要只背“music = 音乐”，而是直接学 I like music.。这样单词一开始就有一个可以使用的位置。
3. I don’t like… 我不喜欢……
Positive:
I like coffee. — 我喜欢咖啡。
Negative:
I do not like coffee. — 我不喜欢咖啡。
Common spoken form:
I don’t like coffee.
don’t = do not.
中文可以在动词前加“不”：我不喜欢咖啡。英语这里常用 do not / don’t 来建立否定。
- I like tea. → I don’t like tea.
- I like milk. → I don’t like milk.
- I like this song. → I don’t like this song.
- I like cold weather. → I don’t like cold weather.
Do not say I no like coffee. English does not normally put no directly before this verb to make the sentence negative.
不要说 I no like coffee。英语在这里不是直接把 no 放到动词前面。
4. Do you like…? 你喜欢……吗？
Statement:
You like tea.
Question:
Do you like tea?
你喜欢茶吗？
This is an important English–Mandarin difference. Mandarin can often add 吗 to make a yes/no question. English simple-present questions with ordinary verbs often bring in do.
这是一个很重要的中英差异。普通话很多一般疑问句可以加“吗”。英语的一般现在时普通动词问句，常常要加入 do。
- Do you like tea?
- Do you like English?
- Do you like this book?
- Do you like music?
Short answers 简短回答
| Do you like tea? | Yes, I do. | 是的，我喜欢。 |
| Do you like coffee? | No, I don’t. | 不，我不喜欢。 |
Learn the question and short answer together.
把问题和简短回答一起学。
5. Do is a helper here 这里的 do 是“帮助问句的小词”
Beginners sometimes try to translate every English word into one Chinese word. That can make do confusing in a question like Do you like tea?
初学者常常想把每一个英语词都对应一个中文字，所以 Do you like tea? 里的 do 可能会让人困惑。
Here, do not force a separate Chinese meaning onto do. Treat the whole pattern as a question machine:
这里不要强迫 do 单独对应一个中文字。把整个结构当成一个“问句机器”：
- Do you like ___?
- Do you want ___?
- Do you need ___?
Then change only the important word or object.
然后只替换重要动词或宾语。
6. I want… 我想要……
I want water.
我想要水。
- I want water. — 我想要水。
- I want tea. — 我想要茶。
- I want a ticket. — 我想要一张票。
- I want a coffee. — 我想要一杯咖啡。
- I want this one. — 我想要这个。
- I want the blue one. — 我想要蓝色的那个。
want is direct. In real service situations, English often adds politeness:
- I want water. — grammatical and clear, but direct.
- I’d like some water, please. — more polite in many service situations.
For this beginner course, learn I want… first because its structure is simple. Then add polite alternatives as your control grows.
零基础阶段先把 I want… 的结构练稳。之后再慢慢加入更礼貌、更自然的表达。
7. I want to… 我想做……
When you want an action, use:
I want to + verb
- I want to go. — 我想走 / 我想去。
- I want to eat. — 我想吃东西。
- I want to sleep. — 我想睡觉。
- I want to learn English. — 我想学英语。
- I want to go home. — 我想回家。
- I want to buy this. — 我想买这个。
Do not say I want go home in this beginner pattern. Use want to + verb.
在这个基础句型里，不要说 I want go home。要说 want to + 动词。
8. Want a thing vs want an action 想要东西 vs 想做事情
| Thing 东西 | Action 动作 |
|---|---|
| I want water. | I want to drink water. |
| I want food. | I want to eat. |
| I want a ticket. | I want to buy a ticket. |
| I want help. | I want to ask for help. |
This distinction gives you two useful sentence frames instead of one overloaded pattern.
把“东西”和“动作”分开，你会得到两个清楚的句型，而不是一个混乱的句型。
9. I need… 我需要……
I need help.
我需要帮助。
- I need help. — 我需要帮助。
- I need water. — 我需要水。
- I need a doctor. — 我需要医生。
- I need a taxi. — 我需要出租车。
- I need a ticket. — 我需要一张票。
- I need more time. — 我需要更多时间。
need often signals necessity, not only preference.
need 常常表示“必要”，不只是“喜欢”或“想要”。
10. I need to… 我需要做……
- I need to go. — 我需要走了。
- I need to rest. — 我需要休息。
- I need to eat. — 我需要吃东西。
- I need to study. — 我需要学习。
- I need to call my family. — 我需要给家人打电话。
- I need to find the station. — 我需要找到车站。
Again, learn the whole chunk need to + verb.
同样，把 need to + 动词 当作完整语块来学。
11. Like, want and need are not the same 喜欢、想要、需要不一样
| Sentence | Meaning | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| I like tea. | Tea gives me a positive preference. | 我喜欢茶。 |
| I want tea. | I would like to have tea now or in this situation. | 我想要茶。 |
| I need tea. | Tea is presented as necessary. | 我需要茶。 |
In real life, the third sentence may be humorous unless tea is genuinely necessary. Meaning matters.
现实里第三句如果不是特殊情况，可能听起来有点夸张。学习英语不是只换词，还要注意意思。
12. Build one thought three ways 一个主题，三种表达
Use one noun:
- I like water.
- I want water.
- I need water.
Use another:
- I like this book.
- I want this book.
- I need this book for class.
Now the learner sees that grammar is not a collection of isolated sentences. It is a small system for changing meaning.
这样你会发现：语法不是一堆互不相连的句子，而是一套可以改变意思的小系统。
13. Food and drink 食物与饮料
| water 水 | tea 茶 | coffee 咖啡 | milk 牛奶 |
| rice 米饭 | noodles 面 | bread 面包 | fruit 水果 |
| apple 苹果 | orange 橙子 | chicken 鸡肉 | fish 鱼 |
Make real sentences:
- I like rice.
- I don’t like coffee.
- I want water.
- I need some food.
- Do you like noodles?
Use your real preferences. True sentences are easier to remember because they connect language to your own life.
尽量说真实喜好。跟自己生活有关的句子通常更容易记住。
14. Some: a useful beginner word some：一个很有用的入门词
With things that are not normally counted as one individual item in the same way as a book or pen, some can be useful:
- some water — 一些水
- some rice — 一些米饭
- some food — 一些食物
- some help — 一些帮助
Examples:
- I want some water.
- I need some help.
- Do you want some tea?
Do not try to finish the whole countable/uncountable system today. The useful goal is to notice that English does not package every noun in the same way.
今天不用学完整个“可数/不可数”系统。先知道英语不是所有名词都用同一种方式包装。
15. At a café 在咖啡店
Basic direct English:
I want a coffee.
More polite service English:
I’d like a coffee, please.
For now, understand both. Practise the polite one as a complete phrase.
零基础阶段先听懂两种。把更礼貌的那一句当作完整语块来练：
- I’d like a coffee, please. — 我想要一杯咖啡。
- I’d like some water, please. — 我想要一些水。
- I’d like this one, please. — 我想要这个。
You do not need to analyse would deeply yet. A useful phrase can be learned before its full grammar is studied.
现在不需要深入分析 would。有些高频实用语块，可以先会用，之后再完整学习语法。
16. Mini dialogue: café 咖啡店小对话
Staff: Hello. What would you like?
Learner: I’d like a coffee, please.
Staff: Anything else?
Learner: Yes. I want some water too.
Staff: Sure.
Learner: Thank you.
中文：店员：你好。你想要什么？学习者：我想要一杯咖啡，谢谢。店员：还要别的吗？学习者：要。我还想要一些水。店员：好的。学习者：谢谢。
Do not worry if every line is not yet productive. Keep one line you can use today: I’d like ___, please.
不需要马上主动说出所有句子。今天先把一句练成自己的工具：I’d like ___, please.
17. I need help: a survival sentence I need help：生存英语的重要句子
I need help. is more than a grammar example. It can be important in real life.
I need help. 不只是一条语法例句。现实中它可能非常重要。
- I need help.
- I need a doctor.
- I need a taxi.
- I need the police.
- I need to call my family.
- I need to go home.
In an urgent situation, clear simple English is better than a long sentence you cannot control.
在紧急情况下，一句自己能控制的简单英语，比一个说不完整的长句更有价值。
18. Can you help me? 你能帮我吗？
Learn this as a complete social tool:
Can you help me?
你能帮我吗？
Add:
- Can you help me, please?
- Yes, of course.
- Sorry, I don’t understand.
- Please show me.
- Please say it again.
This creates a small repair system. When communication breaks, you have language for fixing it.
这就形成了一个小型“修复系统”。当交流断掉时，你有英语可以把交流重新接起来。
19. I can… 我会 / 我能……
can is another very useful beginner verb because it does not need to before the next base verb.
- I can swim. — 我会游泳。
- I can read English. — 我会读英语。
- I can help. — 我可以帮忙。
- I can come tomorrow. — 我明天可以来。
- I can speak a little English. — 我会说一点英语。
Compare:
- I want to go.
- I need to go.
- I can go.
Do not say I can to go.
不要说 I can to go。
20. Likes: he and she change the verb he/she 后面为什么多一个 -s？
With I/you/we/they, use like:
- I like tea.
- You like tea.
- We like tea.
- They like tea.
With he/she/it in the simple present, English usually adds -s to the verb:
- He likes tea.
- She likes tea.
- It looks good.
Mandarin verbs do not normally change this way for the subject. That makes third-person -s easy to omit for Chinese learners.
普通话动词不会因为主语是“他/她”而这样变化，所以中文母语学习者很容易漏掉英语第三人称单数的 -s。
Start with three high-value pairs:
- I like → she likes
- I want → he wants
- I need → she needs
Do not add twenty rules. Stabilise these three.
不要一下增加二十条规则。先把这三组练稳。
21. Does she like…? 她喜欢……吗？
Statement:
She likes tea.
Question:
Does she like tea?
Notice something important: the -s moves into does, so the main verb returns to like, not likes.
注意：第三人称信息已经进入 does，所以后面的主要动词回到 like，不是 likes。
- She likes tea. → Does she like tea?
- He wants water. → Does he want water?
- She needs help. → Does she need help?
This is slightly above the absolute beginner core. If it feels heavy, recognise it now and return later.
这一部分比最核心的零基础结构稍高一点。如果觉得难，现在先“看懂”，之后再回来练也可以。
22. Don’t and doesn’t 不要混在一起
- I don’t like coffee.
- You don’t like coffee.
- We don’t like coffee.
- They don’t like coffee.
- He doesn’t like coffee.
- She doesn’t like coffee.
Again, after doesn’t, use the base verb like.
doesn’t 后面用基本形式 like。
Correct: She doesn’t like coffee.
Not: She doesn’t likes coffee.
23. A preference conversation 喜好对话
A: Do you like tea?
B: Yes, I do.
A: Do you like coffee?
B: No, I don’t.
A: What do you like?
B: I like tea and juice.
A: Do you like this tea?
B: Yes. I like it.
中文：A：你喜欢茶吗？B：喜欢。A：你喜欢咖啡吗？B：不喜欢。A：你喜欢什么？B：我喜欢茶和果汁。A：你喜欢这个茶吗？B：喜欢。我喜欢它。
Change the drinks. Then change the whole topic: food, music, sports, movies, books.
先换饮料，再换整个主题：食物、音乐、运动、电影、书。
24. What do you like? 你喜欢什么？
This is an open question. It does not give only yes/no.
- What do you like? — 你喜欢什么？
- What do you want? — 你想要什么？
- What do you need? — 你需要什么？
Answers:
- I like music.
- I want water.
- I need help.
These three questions can produce hundreds of useful conversations.
这三个问题可以产生几百种非常实用的对话。
25. At a shop 在商店
Staff: Can I help you?
Learner: Yes. I want this one.
Staff: The blue one?
Learner: Yes. I like blue.
Staff: Do you need a bag?
Learner: Yes, please.
Staff: Anything else?
Learner: No, thank you.
中文：店员：需要帮忙吗？学习者：需要。我想要这个。店员：蓝色这个吗？学习者：对。我喜欢蓝色。店员：需要袋子吗？学习者：需要，谢谢。店员：还需要别的吗？学习者：不用了，谢谢。
Notice that the same small verbs travel into shopping without a new grammar system.
注意：还是同样几个小动词，不需要重新学一套语法，就已经可以进入购物场景。
26. At home 在家
- I want to rest.
- I need to cook.
- I like this room.
- I don’t like this chair.
- Do you want some tea?
- Do you need help?
Translate the real evening you are having. Language becomes durable when it attaches to repeated life.
把你真实的晚间生活说出来。语言和重复出现的生活连接以后，会更容易留下来。
27. At school or work 在学校或工作
- I need a pen.
- I need more time.
- I want to ask a question.
- I like this idea.
- I don’t understand.
- I need help with this.
- Can you help me?
These are not “baby sentences”. They are foundational sentences. Adults use simple sentences all day when simple meaning is enough.
这些不是“幼稚句子”，而是“基础句子”。成年人每天也会大量使用简单句，因为很多时候简单就足够表达意思。
28. Pronunciation: don’t lose the final sound 发音：不要丢掉词尾
Listen to the endings:
- like — final /k/
- want — final /t/
- need — final /d/
- likes — extra third-person ending
- wants — extra third-person ending
- needs — extra third-person ending
If the final consonant disappears, a listener may lose grammatical or lexical information.
如果词尾辅音完全消失，听者可能会失去词义或语法信息。
Practise slowly first:
- I like tea.
- She likes tea.
- I need help.
- He needs help.
Make the difference audible, not exaggerated.
让差异“听得见”就够，不需要夸张。
29. Listening: hear do/don’t, want/won’t 听力：小词容易混
Early listening is not only about vocabulary. Small grammar words can change the whole message.
- Do you like tea?
- Don’t you like tea?
- I want tea.
- I don’t want tea.
When listening, ask: Is the sentence positive, negative or a question?
听的时候先判断：这是肯定、否定，还是问题？
Do not panic if you miss one word. Use the whole situation to help you infer meaning, then listen again.
漏一个词不要慌。先用整个场景帮助理解，再听一次。
30. The 30-sentence core 核心 30 句
| 1 | I like tea. | 我喜欢茶。 |
| 2 | I like English. | 我喜欢英语。 |
| 3 | I don’t like coffee. | 我不喜欢咖啡。 |
| 4 | Do you like tea? | 你喜欢茶吗？ |
| 5 | Yes, I do. | 是的。 |
| 6 | No, I don’t. | 不。 |
| 7 | What do you like? | 你喜欢什么？ |
| 8 | I want water. | 我想要水。 |
| 9 | I want this one. | 我想要这个。 |
| 10 | I want to go. | 我想走。 |
| 11 | I want to go home. | 我想回家。 |
| 12 | What do you want? | 你想要什么？ |
| 13 | I need help. | 我需要帮助。 |
| 14 | I need water. | 我需要水。 |
| 15 | I need a taxi. | 我需要出租车。 |
| 16 | I need to rest. | 我需要休息。 |
| 17 | What do you need? | 你需要什么？ |
| 18 | Can you help me? | 你能帮我吗？ |
| 19 | I can help. | 我可以帮忙。 |
| 20 | I can speak a little English. | 我会说一点英语。 |
| 21 | She likes tea. | 她喜欢茶。 |
| 22 | He wants water. | 他想要水。 |
| 23 | She needs help. | 她需要帮助。 |
| 24 | Does she like tea? | 她喜欢茶吗？ |
| 25 | She doesn’t like coffee. | 她不喜欢咖啡。 |
| 26 | I’d like some water, please. | 我想要一些水。 |
| 27 | Please help me. | 请帮我。 |
| 28 | Please say it again. | 请再说一次。 |
| 29 | I don’t understand. | 我不明白。 |
| 30 | Thank you. | 谢谢。 |
Take five sentences per day. Do not race through all thirty.
每天选五句，不要为了“学完”而匆匆扫过三十句。
31. Substitution machine 替换机器
| Frame 句型 | Possible substitutions 可替换 |
|---|---|
| I like ___. | tea / music / books / rice / English |
| I don’t like ___. | coffee / cold weather / this food / noise |
| I want ___. | water / a ticket / this one / a bag |
| I want to ___. | go / eat / sleep / learn / buy this |
| I need ___. | help / water / a taxi / more time |
| I need to ___. | rest / study / call home / go |
Make twenty true sentences. True is more useful than clever.
造二十句跟自己真实情况有关的句子。现在“真实可用”比“聪明复杂”更重要。
32. Reading practice: a simple day 阅读练习：简单的一天
My name is Wei. I like tea, rice and music. I don’t like coffee. In the morning, I want some tea. At school, I need a pen and a notebook. I like my English class, but I need more practice. After class, I want to go home. My sister likes coffee. She doesn’t like tea. She wants to buy a book today. My father needs to work late. We all want to eat dinner together.
中文：我叫 Wei。我喜欢茶、米饭和音乐。我不喜欢咖啡。早上我想喝点茶。在学校我需要一支笔和一本笔记本。我喜欢英语课，但我需要更多练习。下课后我想回家。我姐姐/妹妹喜欢咖啡。她不喜欢茶。她今天想买一本书。我爸爸需要工作到很晚。我们都想一起吃晚饭。
Questions 问题
- What does Wei like?
- Does Wei like coffee?
- What does Wei need at school?
- What does Wei want to do after class?
- Does Wei’s sister like tea?
- What does she want to buy?
Answer with short English first.
先用短英语回答，不需要写长段落。
33. Writing practice: three columns 三栏写作
Make three headings:
| I like… 我喜欢 | I want… 我想要 | I need… 我需要 |
|---|---|---|
| tea | water | help |
| music | a new bag | more time |
| books | to go home | to study |
Then turn the notes into nine complete sentences.
然后把九个笔记变成九个完整句子。
This simple method separates idea generation from sentence construction. You decide the meaning first, then build the English.
这个方法先把“想说什么”和“怎样造句”分开。先决定意思，再造英文。
34. Error clinic 常见错误诊所
| Common error | Better English | Repair |
|---|---|---|
| I no like tea. ✗ | I don’t like tea. ✓ | Use don’t + base verb. |
| Do you likes tea? ✗ | Do you like tea? ✓ | After do, use like. |
| I want go home. ✗ | I want to go home. ✓ | want to + verb |
| I need go. ✗ | I need to go. ✓ | need to + verb |
| I can to help. ✗ | I can help. ✓ | can + base verb |
| She like tea. ✗ | She likes tea. ✓ | he/she/it + -s in simple present |
| She doesn’t likes tea. ✗ | She doesn’t like tea. ✓ | doesn’t + base verb |
| What you want? ✗ | What do you want? ✓ | Add do. |
Each error points to one mechanism. Repair the mechanism, not only the sentence.
每个错误都指向一个机制。不要只改这一句，要把背后的句型机制一起修好。
35. First weak link diagnosis 第一个卡点诊断
- I know the words but cannot make a sentence. 会词不会句 → use one frame and substitute.
- I can make positive sentences but not negative sentences. 只会肯定 → drill don’t.
- I can answer but cannot ask. 会答不会问 → drill Do you…? / What do you…?
- I forget to after want/need. 漏 to → learn want to / need to as chunks.
- I forget -s with he/she. 第三人称漏 -s → contrast I like / she likes.
- I understand in writing but freeze in speech. 书面会口头卡 → timed retrieval with five true sentences.
Do not respond to every weakness with “learn more vocabulary”. Sometimes the vocabulary is already there. The missing part is sentence control.
不要把所有问题都归结成“词汇量不够”。有时单词已经会了，真正缺的是句子控制。
36. Retrieval practice 不看答案说出来
- 我喜欢茶。 → ______
- 我不喜欢咖啡。 → ______
- 你喜欢英语吗？ → ______
- 我想要水。 → ______
- 我想回家。 → ______
- 我需要帮助。 → ______
- 我需要休息。 → ______
- 你能帮我吗？ → ______
- 她喜欢茶。 → ______
- 她不喜欢咖啡。 → ______
Answers:
- I like tea.
- I don’t like coffee.
- Do you like English?
- I want water.
- I want to go home.
- I need help.
- I need to rest.
- Can you help me?
- She likes tea.
- She doesn’t like coffee.
37. A ten-minute daily routine 每天十分钟
| 2 min | Say five I like sentences. | 说五句 I like。 |
| 2 min | Turn two into negatives and questions. | 把两句变否定和问句。 |
| 2 min | Say three I want / I want to sentences. | 练 want。 |
| 2 min | Say three I need / I need to sentences. | 练 need。 |
| 2 min | Speak without notes: like, want, need. | 不看笔记各说一句。 |
Keep the practice personal. Today you may want water; tomorrow you may want sleep. The frame stays, the life changes.
练习要跟自己的生活连接。今天你想要水，明天你可能想睡觉。句型保持稳定，生活内容不断变化。
38. Seven-day plan 七天计划
| Day 1 | I like + five real preferences. | 五个真实喜好。 |
| Day 2 | I don’t like + Do you like…? | 否定和问句。 |
| Day 3 | I want + objects. | 想要东西。 |
| Day 4 | I want to + actions. | 想做事情。 |
| Day 5 | I need + I need to. | 需要东西 / 需要做事。 |
| Day 6 | he/she + likes/wants/needs. | 第三人称。 |
| Day 7 | One-minute talk: what I like, want and need today. | 一分钟口语。 |
39. One-minute talk 一分钟口语
Use this frame:
Hello. My name is ____. I like ____. I don’t like ____. Today I want ____. I want to ____. I need ____. I need to ____. Thank you.
中文提示：你好。我叫……我喜欢……我不喜欢……今天我想要……我想做……我需要……我需要做……谢谢。
Say it once with notes. Then again with only keywords. Then once with no notes.
第一次看完整提示。第二次只看关键词。第三次不看。
40. Self-test 自测
- Translate: 我喜欢英语。
- Make negative: I like coffee.
- Make a question: You like tea.
- Translate: 我想要水。
- Translate: 我想回家。
- Translate: 我需要帮助。
- Translate: 我需要休息。
- Correct: She like tea.
- Correct: She doesn’t likes coffee.
- Correct: I can to help.
- Ask: 你想要什么？
- Ask: 你需要什么？
Answer key 答案
- I like English.
- I don’t like coffee.
- Do you like tea?
- I want water.
- I want to go home.
- I need help.
- I need to rest.
- She likes tea.
- She doesn’t like coffee.
- I can help.
- What do you want?
- What do you need?
41. Mastery check 掌握检查
- I can say five things I like. 我会说五个喜欢的东西。
- I can say what I don’t like. 我会表达不喜欢。
- I can ask Do you like…? 我会问喜好。
- I can use I want + thing. 我会说想要东西。
- I can use I want to + action. 我会说想做事情。
- I can use I need + thing. 我会说需要东西。
- I can use I need to + action. 我会说需要做事情。
- I can ask for help. 我会求助。
- I can use he/she + likes/wants/needs. 我开始会第三人称。
- I can speak for 30–60 seconds using these verbs. 我能用这些动词说 30–60 秒。
If the last item is hard, that is normal. Go back to five true sentences and retrieve them every day.
如果最后一项很难，这是正常的。回到五句真实句子，每天练习不看答案提取。
42. For parents and teachers 给家长和老师
Preference is an excellent beginner topic because it naturally invites choice and response. Ask genuine questions. If the learner likes noodles, let them say noodles. If the learner dislikes football, let them say that. Do not turn every oral exchange into a test with one predetermined answer.
“喜好”非常适合初学者，因为天然需要选择和回应。问真实问题。学习者喜欢面，就让他/她说面；不喜欢足球，就让他/她说不喜欢。不要把每一次口语交流都变成只有一个标准答案的考试。
Use narrow correction. When the learner says She like tea, repair likes. When the learner says I want go, repair want to go. Keep the message alive.
纠错要聚焦。说 She like tea 时，先修 likes；说 I want go 时，修成 want to go。不要让纠错把交流完全打断。
Return later. Immediate correction can show the right form; delayed retrieval tests whether the learner actually owns it.
之后再回来复习。立即纠错只能告诉学习者“正确形式是什么”；隔一段时间还能自己说出来，才说明开始真正掌握。
43. Final challenge 最终挑战
Without notes, answer these ten questions aloud:
- What do you like to drink?
- What food do you like?
- What don’t you like?
- Do you like English?
- What do you want now?
- What do you want to do today?
- What do you need now?
- What do you need to do today?
- Can you speak a little English?
- Can you ask for help in English?
Your answers can be short. Short, true and available is better than long, impressive and unavailable.
答案可以很短。短、真实、随时能说出来，比长、看起来高级、却现场说不出来更有价值。
Next: Lesson No.004 下一课
You can now name things and express preference or need. Next, put things into space.
你现在会给东西命名，也会表达喜欢、想要和需要。下一课，我们把东西放进“空间”里。
Where is it? It is here. It is on the table.
它在哪里？它在这里。它在桌子上。
Beginner reference floor: British Council A1 English · Cambridge English Pre-A1/A1 · VOA Learning English Level 1 · Cambridge Essential Grammar in Use.
Chinese-speaker note: This lesson explicitly contrasts English auxiliary do, third-person -s, and infinitive patterns with Mandarin because these are common transfer points when the two languages package grammar differently. For a broader research overview, see this mixed-methods study of Chinese EFL learner challenges.
