G2 English K200 comprehension begins before the learner rereads the passage. The question stem itself contains an operating specification: command word, source, scope, requested count and evidence type. If that specification is misread, accurate passage knowledge can still produce the wrong answer.
This ninety-seventh Learner’s Guide develops question-stem parsing. It complements Vol 0092 Instruction Hierarchy and Vol 0085 Evidence-Strength Ladder.
The five-part stem parse
Before searching for evidence, identify: operation (state/explain/compare/infer), source (which text, paragraph, speaker), scope (time, group, condition), count (one/two/several), and evidence type (quotation, paraphrase, inference, comparison).
1. What
Stem function: identify the requested thing, feature, event or idea.
Control: do not answer why when the stem asks what. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
2. Why
Stem function: identify reason, cause, motive or purpose as context requires.
Control: evidence must support explanation, not merely repeat event. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
3. How
Stem function: identify process, manner, development or effect.
Control: match answer to the exact how-function. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
4. When
Stem function: identify time or sequence boundary.
Control: do not replace with cause. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
5. Where
Stem function: identify place or textual location.
Control: keep spatial/textual ownership precise. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
6. Who
Stem function: identify person/group/source.
Control: resolve referents before inferring. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
7. Which
Stem function: select among defined alternatives.
Control: use criterion in stem. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
8. State
Stem function: give requested fact directly.
Control: avoid unnecessary explanation. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
9. Describe
Stem function: report what happens or is shown.
Control: mechanism is not automatically required. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
10. Explain
Stem function: connect evidence to reason or mechanism.
Control: description alone is incomplete. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
11. Compare
Stem function: address both sides on same criterion.
Control: two separate summaries are insufficient. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
12. Contrast
Stem function: emphasise relevant difference.
Control: do not spend most answer on similarity. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
13. Suggest
Stem function: offer plausible context-grounded response.
Control: do not present as directly observed. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
14. Infer
Stem function: derive a bounded conclusion from evidence.
Control: avoid unsupported certainty. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
15. Show
Stem function: use evidence or reasoning to establish claim.
Control: do not merely restate target. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
16. Justify
Stem function: support choice with evidence/reason.
Control: bare selection is incomplete. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
17. Identify
Stem function: name precise feature.
Control: avoid broad paragraph. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
18. Give evidence
Stem function: locate supporting detail.
Control: evidence is not the same as conclusion. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
19. Use your own words
Stem function: paraphrase meaning.
Control: preserve scope and causality. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
20. From paragraph
Stem function: restrict evidence window.
Control: search locally first. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
21. According to Text 1
Stem function: restrict source ownership.
Control: do not import Text 2. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
22. Both texts
Stem function: synthesise two sources.
Control: keep ownership visible. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
23. One reason
Stem function: provide exactly one distinct reason.
Control: choose strongest supported point. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
24. Two reasons
Stem function: provide two distinct reasons.
Control: avoid duplicate phrasing. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
25. One example
Stem function: give one valid instance.
Control: do not add risky extras. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
26. How does the writer
Stem function: analyse writer choice/effect.
Control: focus on textual construction. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
27. How does the character
Stem function: analyse action, response or development.
Control: do not confuse writer and character. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
28. What does this suggest
Stem function: move from detail to bounded inference.
Control: calibrate certainty. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
29. What does this show
Stem function: state implication supported by evidence.
Control: avoid overgeneralisation. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
30. Why do you think
Stem function: give evidence-based interpretation.
Control: personal opinion alone is insufficient. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
31. How is X different
Stem function: name comparison criterion and difference.
Control: answer both X and reference case. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
32. How is X similar
Stem function: name shared feature.
Control: do not drift into differences. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
33. What happened first
Stem function: use chronology.
Control: do not answer importance. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
34. What happened next
Stem function: identify sequence.
Control: preserve source. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
35. Why did X happen
Stem function: find cause or motive.
Control: check chronology. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
36. Why did character act
Stem function: distinguish stated motive from inferred motive.
Control: do not import personality label. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
37. What is writer’s attitude
Stem function: use diction, selection and contrast.
Control: one adjective needs evidence. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
38. What is tone
Stem function: identify local tone and support.
Control: avoid generic list. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
39. What is purpose
Stem function: ask what the text is trying to achieve.
Control: distinguish purpose from topic. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
40. Who is audience
Stem function: infer intended reader/listener from cues.
Control: do not confuse audience with subject. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
41. Meaning of word
Stem function: give contextual meaning.
Control: dictionary list is not needed. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
42. Meaning of phrase
Stem function: interpret phrase in context.
Control: preserve figurative/local function. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
43. Reference of this
Stem function: resolve noun/idea ownership.
Control: substitute candidate. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
44. Reference of they
Stem function: resolve group ownership.
Control: avoid nearest-noun shortcut. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
45. Effect of repetition
Stem function: explain what repetition emphasises/creates.
Control: do not merely say it repeats. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
46. Effect of contrast
Stem function: explain changed expectation/evaluation.
Control: preserve both sides. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
47. Effect of imagery
Stem function: explain image and local effect.
Control: avoid decorative terminology. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
48. Effect of punctuation
Stem function: explain function in sentence.
Control: do not name mark only. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
49. Evidence for claim
Stem function: find detail that specifically supports claim.
Control: related detail may be insufficient. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
50. Evidence against claim
Stem function: find contradiction/limitation.
Control: do not restate claim. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
51. Most likely
Stem function: choose best-supported among plausible options.
Control: do not require certainty. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
52. Best explains
Stem function: compare explanatory fit.
Control: prefer evidence coverage. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
53. Main reason
Stem function: identify dominant reason.
Control: do not list equal alternatives. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
54. Main idea
Stem function: compress central claim.
Control: examples are secondary. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
55. Key difference
Stem function: identify decisive contrast.
Control: avoid catalogue. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
56. Overall impression
Stem function: synthesise repeated evidence.
Control: do not base on one isolated word. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
57. At this point
Stem function: restrict chronology.
Control: later knowledge cannot be imported. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
58. At the beginning
Stem function: use early-state evidence.
Control: do not blend later development. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
59. By the end
Stem function: use final-state evidence.
Control: development matters. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
60. Before X
Stem function: restrict time window.
Control: later events cannot explain earlier state. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
61. After X
Stem function: use later state.
Control: identify what changed. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
62. In lines/paragraphs
Stem function: restrict evidence location.
Control: search within boundary. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
63. In context
Stem function: interpret locally.
Control: default meaning may fail. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
64. As used here
Stem function: same local-meaning instruction.
Control: preserve grammatical role. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
65. Why is this surprising
Stem function: identify expectation then violation.
Control: surprise needs baseline. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
66. Why is this ironic
Stem function: identify contrast between expectation/meaning and outcome.
Control: do not label irony without explaining. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
67. Why is this effective
Stem function: name effect relative to purpose/audience.
Control: avoid empty praise. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
68. How does this support
Stem function: connect detail to claim explicitly.
Control: evidence needs bridge. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
69. How does this change
Stem function: compare before and after.
Control: state dimension of change. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
70. What can be concluded
Stem function: stay within evidence scope.
Control: do not universalise. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
71. What cannot be concluded
Stem function: identify evidential limit.
Control: absence of support is not opposite proof. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
72. Which statement is true
Stem function: test options against text.
Control: avoid memory-based guessing. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
73. Which statement is false
Stem function: invert selection criterion carefully.
Control: mark negative stem. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
74. Except
Stem function: identify exception to otherwise matching set.
Control: circle the negation mentally. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
75. Not
Stem function: reverse ordinary selection logic.
Control: slow down at negation. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
76. Least likely
Stem function: rank support downward.
Control: do not answer most likely. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
77. Most likely
Stem function: rank support upward.
Control: compare alternatives. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
78. Always
Stem function: universal claim in option.
Control: one counterexample can defeat it. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
79. Never
Stem function: universal negative.
Control: one valid occurrence defeats it. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
80. May
Stem function: possibility claim.
Control: weaker evidence can support. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
81. Must
Stem function: necessity claim.
Control: requires stronger support. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
82. Because
Stem function: causal relation requested or offered.
Control: check arrow. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
83. Therefore
Stem function: conclusion relation.
Control: check premises. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
84. Although
Stem function: concession structure.
Control: main clause may carry final stance. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
85. However
Stem function: contrast turn.
Control: read both sides. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
86. Only
Stem function: scope restriction.
Control: identify what it modifies. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
87. Except for
Stem function: scope exception.
Control: preserve excluded case. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
88. According to speaker
Stem function: source-bound answer.
Control: do not substitute narrator. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
89. According to writer
Stem function: authorial source.
Control: distinguish quoted source. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
90. Use two details
Stem function: two evidence pieces required.
Control: count distinct support. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
91. Use one detail
Stem function: one decisive detail required.
Control: do not overquote. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
92. Quote a phrase
Stem function: copy exact relevant phrase.
Control: do not paraphrase when quote requested. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
93. Do not copy whole sentence
Stem function: select evidence span.
Control: process rather than transport. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
94. Summarise
Stem function: compress unique relevant information.
Control: preserve logic. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
95. In no more than X words
Stem function: budget information.
Control: remove examples/repetition first. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
96. Write to audience
Stem function: adapt register and task.
Control: content plus audience matter. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
97. Recommend
Stem function: state choice and reasons.
Control: do not become neutral list. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
98. Persuade
Stem function: use reasons/evidence oriented to audience.
Control: avoid unsupported exaggeration. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
99. Narrate
Stem function: develop events coherently.
Control: do not turn into exposition. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
100. Reflect
Stem function: show thought/meaning development.
Control: not merely event list. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
101. Question stem final rule
Stem function: parse operation, source, scope, count and evidence type before searching.
Control: answer the question asked, not the topic recognised. For practice, underline the exact stem words that define the operation and boundary before looking back at the passage. Then predict what a complete answer must contain without yet deciding the content.
This separates task parsing from evidence retrieval. Once the answer shape is known, rereading becomes targeted: the learner searches for the evidence capable of filling that shape rather than collecting interesting but irrelevant details.
Why stem parsing saves time
A well-parsed stem shrinks the search space. “According to paragraph 4, give two reasons…” already specifies source, count and function. The learner can ignore other paragraphs until evidence is found or the local window proves insufficient. Precision at the stem therefore reduces rereading load.
Links
Use the Secondary English Learning Hub, Vol 0063 Evidence-Window Control, Vol 0081 Quantifier and Scope Control, the Examination Craft hub and the PSLE Learner’s Guide.
Official-source discipline
For the current 2027 SEC G2 school-candidate framework, use the official SEAB G2 syllabus directory and linked K200 English Language syllabus. If SEAB updates the syllabus, the current official document takes priority.
Final rule
Parse before you search. Know what operation, source, scope, count and evidence type the stem demands. Then read the passage to fill that exact answer shape.
